Fishing is the activity of hunting for fish. By extension, the term fishing is also applied to hunting for other aquatic animals such as various types of shellfish as well as squid, octopus, turtles, frogs and some edible marine invertebrates. The term fishing is usually not applied to the hunting of aquatic mammals such as whales. Fishing is an ancient and worldwide practice with many techniques and traditions, and it has been transformed by modern technological developments. An organized fishing effort, typically centred around a particular commercially valuable species, is known as a fishery.
Hand fishing
It is possible to fish with minimal equipment by using only the hands. In the USA catching catfish in this way
is known as noodling. In the British Isles, the practice of catching trout by hand is known as trout tickling;
it is an art mentioned several times in the plays of Shakespeare. Divers can catch lobsters by hand.
Pearl diving is the practice of hunting for oysters by free-diving to depths of up to 30 m.
Hand-line fishing is a technique requiring a fishing line with a weight and one or more lure-like hooks.
Spear fishing
Spear fishing is an ancient method of fishing and may be conducted with an ordinary spear or a specialised
variant such as an eel spear or the trident.
A small trident type spear with a long handle is used in the American South and Midwest for "gigging" bullfrogs
with a bright light at night, or for gigging carp
and other fish in the shallows.
Traditional spear fishing is restricted to shallow waters, but the development of the speargun has made the method much more efficient. With practice, divers are able to hold their breath for up to four minutes; of course, a diver with underwater breathing equipment can dive for much longer periods.
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